Health care or healthcare is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical, nursing, and allied health professions. According to the World Health Organization, health care embraces all the goods and services designed to promote health, including “preventive, curative and palliative interventions, whether directed to individuals or to populations”.

The organised provision of such services may constitute a health care system. This can include a specific governmental organisation such as, in the UK, the National Health Service or a cooperation across the National Health Service and Social Services as in Shared Care.

Before the term "healthcare" became popular, English-speakers referred to medicine or to the health sector and spoke of the treatment and prevention of illness and disease.

The National Health Service (NHS) is the "public face" of the three publicly funded health care systems of Great Britain (Northern Ireland does not use the title).

It currently employs 1.33 million people, making it the world's fourth largest employer after the Chinese Army, Indian Railways and Wal-mart.

The NHS provides the majority of healthcare in the UK, from general practitioners to hospitals, long-term healthcare, dentistry and opthalmology.

It was founded in 1948 and has become an integral part of British society, culture and everyday life: the NHS was once described by Nigel Lawson, former Chancellor of the Exchequer, as "the national religion".

Private health care has continued parallel to the NHS, paid for largely by private insurance, but it is used only by a small percentage of the population, and generally as a top-up to NHS services.
 

NHS services are largely "free at the point of delivery", paid for by taxes; the NHS's budget for 2006–07 is £96 billion. Employing over 1.3 million people, the NHS is the largest employer in Europe and one of the largest employers in the world, (believed to be third or fifth, according to different commentators).

The government department responsible for the NHS is the Department of Health, headed by the Secretary of State for Health, (presently Patricia Hewitt), who sits in the British Cabinet. As of January 2007, the Ministers of State under Ms. Hewitt are:

Andy Burnham (Delivery & NHS Reform)
Rosie Winterton (Health Services)
Caroline Flint (Public Health)
Lord Hunt (Quality)
The department also has one Parliamentary Under Secretary of State who is Ivan Lewis (Care Services).

 

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